Misc JS Tricks & Relevant Info

从零开始学习 AWS 黑客技术，成为专家 htARTE（HackTricks AWS 红队专家）！

• 您在网络安全公司工作吗？ 想要看到您的公司在 HackTricks 中被宣传吗？ 或者想要访问PEASS 的最新版本或下载 HackTricks 的 PDF吗？ 请查看订阅计划！

• 探索PEASS 家族，我们独家的NFTs收藏品

• 获取官方 PEASS & HackTricks 商品

• 加入 💬 Discord 群组 或 电报群组 或关注我的 Twitter 🐦@carlospolopm。

• 通过向 hacktricks 仓库 和 hacktricks-cloud 仓库 提交 PR 来分享您的黑客技巧。

JavaScript 模糊测试

有效的 JS 注释字符

//This is a 1 line comment
/* This is a multiline comment*/
#!This is a 1 line comment, but "#!" must to be at the beggining of the line
-->This is a 1 line comment, but "-->" must to be at the beggining of the line


for (let j = 0; j < 128; j++) {
for (let k = 0; k < 128; k++) {
for (let l = 0; l < 128; l++) {
if (j == 34 || k ==34 || l ==34)
continue;
if (j == 0x0a || k ==0x0a || l ==0x0a)
continue;
if (j == 0x0d || k ==0x0d || l ==0x0d)
continue;
if (j == 0x3c || k ==0x3c || l ==0x3c)
continue;
if (
(j == 47 && k == 47)
||(k == 47 && l == 47)
)
continue;
try {
var cmd = String.fromCharCode(j) + String.fromCharCode(k) + String.fromCharCode(l) + 'a.orange.ctf"';
eval(cmd);
} catch(e) {
var err = e.toString().split('\n')[0].split(':')[0];
if (err === 'SyntaxError' || err === "ReferenceError")
continue
err = e.toString().split('\n')[0]
}
console.log(err,cmd);
}
}
}
//From: https://balsn.tw/ctf_writeup/20191012-hitconctfquals/#bounty-pl33z

// From: Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (p. 43). Kindle Edition.
log=[];
for(let i=0;i<=0xff;i++){
for(let j=0;j<=0xfff;j++){
try {
eval(`${String.fromCodePoint(i,j)}%$£234$`)
log.push([i,j])
}catch(e){}
}
}
console.log(log)//[35,33],[47,47]

有效的JS换行字符

• - New Line

• - Carriage Return

• \u2028 - Line Separator

• \u2029 - Paragraph Separator

//Javascript interpret as new line these chars:
String.fromCharCode(10) //0x0a
String.fromCharCode(13) //0x0d
String.fromCharCode(8232) //0xe2 0x80 0xa8
String.fromCharCode(8233) //0xe2 0x80 0xa8

for (let j = 0; j < 65536; j++) {
try {
var cmd = '"aaaaa";'+String.fromCharCode(j) + '-->a.orange.ctf"';
eval(cmd);
} catch(e) {
var err = e.toString().split('\n')[0].split(':')[0];
if (err === 'SyntaxError' || err === "ReferenceError")
continue;
err = e.toString().split('\n')[0]
}
console.log(`[${err}]`,j,cmd);
}
//From: https://balsn.tw/ctf_writeup/20191012-hitconctfquals/#bounty-pl33z

函数调用中有效的JS空格

有效JS空格在函数调用中

// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (pp. 40-41). Kindle Edition.

// Check chars that can be put in between in func name and the ()
function x(){}

log=[];
for(let i=0;i<=0x10ffff;i++){
try {
eval(`x${String.fromCodePoint(i)}()`)
log.push(i)
}catch(e){}
}

console.log(log)v//9,10,11,12,13,32,160,5760,8192,8193,8194,8195,8196,8197,8198,8199,8200,8201,8202,813 232,8233,8239,8287,12288,65279

生成字符串的有效字符

// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (pp. 41-42). Kindle Edition.

// Check which pairs of chars can make something be a valid string
log=[];
for(let i=0;i<=0x10ffff;i++){
try {
eval(`${String.fromCodePoint(i)}%$£234${String.fromCodePoint(i)}`)
log.push(i)
}catch(e){}
}
console.log(log) //34,39,47,96
//single quote, quotes, backticks & // (regex)

代理对 BF

这种技术对于 XSS 不太有用，但可能对绕过 WAF 保护有用。这段 Python 代码接收 2 个字节作为输入，并搜索具有第一个字节作为高代理对的最后字节和最后一个字节作为低代理对的最后字节的代理对。

def unicode(findHex):
for i in range(0,0xFFFFF):
H = hex(int(((i - 0x10000) / 0x400) + 0xD800))
h = chr(int(H[-2:],16))
L = hex(int(((i - 0x10000) % 0x400 + 0xDC00)))
l = chr(int(L[-2:],16))
if(h == findHex[0]) and (l == findHex[1]):
print(H.replace("0x","\\u")+L.replace("0x","\\u"))

更多信息：

• https://github.com/dreadlocked/ctf-writeups/blob/master/nn8ed/README.md
• https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-unicode https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/javascript-encoding

javascript{}: 协议模糊化

// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (p. 34). Kindle Edition.
log=[];
let anchor = document.createElement('a');
for(let i=0;i<=0x10ffff;i++){
anchor.href = `javascript${String.fromCodePoint(i)}:`;
if(anchor.protocol === 'javascript:') {
log.push(i);
}
}
console.log(log)//9,10,13,58
// Note that you could BF also other possitions of the use of multiple chars

// Test one option
let anchor = document.createElement('a');
anchor.href = `javascript${String.fromCodePoint(58)}:alert(1337)`;
anchor.append('Click me')
document.body.append(anchor)

// Another way to test
<a href="&#12;javascript:alert(1337)">Test</a>

URL Fuzzing

URL模糊测试

// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (pp. 36-37). Kindle Edition.

// Before the protocol
a=document.createElement('a');
log=[];
for(let i=0;i<=0x10ffff;i++){
a.href = `${String.fromCodePoint(i)}https://hacktricks.xyz`;
if(a.hostname === 'hacktricks.xyz'){
log.push(i);
}
}
console.log(log) //0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32

// Between the slashes
a=document.createElement('a');
log=[];
for(let i=0;i<=0x10ffff;i++){
a.href = `/${String.fromCodePoint(i)}/hacktricks.xyz`;
if(a.hostname === 'hacktricks.xyz'){
log.push(i);
}
}
console.log(log) //9,10,13,47,92

HTML模糊测试

// Heyes, Gareth. JavaScript for hackers: Learn to think like a hacker (p. 38). Kindle Edition.

// Fuzzing chars that can close an HTML comment

let log=[];
let div = document.createElement('div');
for(let i=0;i<=0x10ffff;i++){
div.innerHTML=`<!----${String.fromCodePoint(i)}><span></span>-->`;
if(div.querySelector('span')){
log.push(i);
}
}
console.log(log)//33,45,62

分析属性

工具Hackability inspector来自Portswigger可帮助分析javascript对象的属性。检查：https://portswigger-labs.net/hackability/inspector/?input=x.contentWindow&html=%3Ciframe%20src=//subdomain1.portswigger-labs.net%20id=x%3E

.map js文件

• 下载.map js文件的技巧：https://medium.com/@bitthebyte/javascript-for-bug-bounty-hunters-part-2-f82164917e7
• 您可以使用此工具分析这些文件https://github.com/paazmaya/shuji

"--" 赋值

递减运算符--也是一种赋值。此运算符接受一个值，然后将其减一。如果该值不是数字，则将其设置为NaN。这可用于从环境中删除变量的内容。

函数技巧

.call 和 .apply

函数的**.call方法用于运行函数**。 默认情况下，它期望的第一个参数是**this的值**，如果未提供任何值，则**window将成为该值（除非使用strict mode**）。

function test_call(){
console.log(this.value); //baz
}
new_this={value:"hey!"}
test_call.call(new_this);

// To pass more arguments, just pass then inside .call()
function test_call() {
console.log(arguments[0]); //"arg1"
console.log(arguments[1]); //"arg2"
console.log(this); //[object Window]
}
test_call.call(null, "arg1", "arg2")

// If you use the "use strict" directive "this" will be null instead of window:
function test_call() {
"use strict";
console.log(this); //null
}
test_call.call(null)

//The apply function is pretty much exactly the same as the call function with one important difference, you can supply an array of arguments in the second argument:
function test_apply() {
console.log(arguments[0]); //"arg1"
console.log(arguments[1]); //"arg2"
console.log(this); //[object Window]
}
test_apply.apply(null, ["arg1", "arg2"])

箭头函数

箭头函数允许您更轻松地在一行中生成函数（如果您理解它们的话）

// Traditional
function (a){ return a + 1; }
// Arrow forms
a => a + 100;
a => {a + 100};

// Traditional
function (a, b){ return a + b + 1; }
// Arrow
(a, b) => a + b + 100;

// Tradictional no args
let a = 4;
let b = 2;
function (){ return a + b + 1; }

// Arrow
let a = 4;
let b = 2;
() => a + b + 1;

因此，大多数先前的函数实际上是无用的，因为我们没有将它们保存在任何地方以便调用。例如创建plusone函数：

// Traductional
function plusone (a){ return a + 1; }

//Arrow
plusone = a => a + 100;

绑定函数

绑定函数允许创建一个修改this对象和给定参数的函数的副本**。

//This will use the this object and print "Hello World"
var fn = function ( param1, param2 ) {
console.info( this, param1, param2 );
}
fn('Hello', 'World')

//This will still use the this object and print "Hello World"
var copyFn = fn.bind();
copyFn('Hello', 'World')

//This will use the "console" object as "this" object inside the function and print "fixingparam1 Hello"
var bindFn_change = fn.bind(console, "fixingparam1");
bindFn_change('Hello', 'World')

//This will still use the this object and print "fixingparam1 Hello"
var bindFn_thisnull = fn.bind(null, "fixingparam1");
bindFn_change('Hello', 'World')

//This will still use the this object and print "fixingparam1 Hello"
var bindFn_this = fn.bind(this, "fixingparam1");
bindFn_change('Hello', 'World')

请注意，使用 bind 可以操纵在调用函数时将要使用的 this 对象。

函数代码泄漏

如果你可以访问函数的对象，你就可以获取该函数的代码。

function afunc(){
return 1+1;
}
console.log(afunc.toString()); //This will print the code of the function
console.log(String(afunc)); //This will print the code of the function
console.log(this.afunc.toString()); //This will print the code of the function
console.log(global.afunc.toString()); //This will print the code of the function

在某些情况下，函数没有名称，你仍然可以从内部打印函数代码：

(function (){ return arguments.callee.toString(); })()
(function (){ return arguments[0]; })("arg0")

一些随机的方法来从另一个函数中提取函数的代码（甚至包括注释）：

(function (){ return retFunc => String(arguments[0]) })(a=>{/* Hidden commment */})()
(function (){ return retFunc => Array(arguments[0].toString()) })(a=>{/* Hidden commment */})()
(function (){ return String(this)}).bind(()=>{ /* Hidden commment */ })()
(u=>(String(u)))(_=>{ /* Hidden commment */ })
(u=>_=>(String(u)))(_=>{ /* Hidden commment */ })()

逃逸沙盒 - 恢复 window 对象

Window 对象允许访问全局定义的函数，如 alert 或 eval。

```javascript // Some ways to access window window.eval("alert(1)") frames globalThis parent self top //If inside a frame, this is top most window

// Access window from document document.defaultView.alert(1) // Access document from a node object node = document.createElement('div') node.ownerDocument.defaultView.alert(1)

// There is a path property on each error event whose last element is the window // In other browsers the method is // In case of svg, the "event" object is called "evt"

// Abusing Error.prepareStackTrace to get Window back Error.prepareStackTrace=function(error, callSites){ 2 callSites.shift().getThis().alert(1337); 3 }; 4 new Error().stack

// From an HTML event // Events from HTML are executed in this context with(document) { with(element) { //executed event } } // Because of that with(document) it's possible to access properties of document like: <img src onerror=s=createElement('script');s.append('alert(1337)');appendChild(s)>

## 在访问值时设置断点
```javascript
// Stop when a property in sessionStorage or localStorage is set/get
// via getItem or setItem functions
sessionStorage.getItem = localStorage.getItem  = function(prop) {
debugger;
return sessionStorage[prop];
}

localStorage.setItem = function(prop, val) {
debugger;
localStorage[prop] = val;
}

// Stop when anyone sets or gets the property "ppmap" in any object
// For example sessionStorage.ppmap
// "123".ppmap
// Useful to find where weird properties are being set or accessed
// or to find where prototype pollutions are occurring

function debugAccess(obj, prop, debugGet=true){

var origValue = obj[prop];

Object.defineProperty(obj, prop, {
get: function () {
if ( debugGet )
debugger;
return origValue;
},
set: function(val) {
debugger;
origValue = val;
}
});
};

debugAccess(Object.prototype, 'ppmap')

自动浏览器访问以测试有效载荷

//Taken from https://github.com/svennergr/writeups/blob/master/inti/0621/README.md
const puppeteer = require("puppeteer");

const realPasswordLength = 3000;
async function sleep(ms) {
return new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, ms));
}

(async () => {
const browser = await puppeteer.launch();
const page = await browser.newPage();
//Loop to iterate through different values
for (let i = 0; i < 10000; i += 100) {
console.log(`Run number ${i}`);
const input = `${"0".repeat(i)}${realPasswordLength}`;
console.log(`  https://challenge-0621.intigriti.io/passgen.php?passwordLength=${input}&allowNumbers=true&allowSymbols=true&timestamp=1624556811000`);
//Go to the page
await page.goto(
`https://challenge-0621.intigriti.io/passgen.php?passwordLength=${input}&allowNumbers=true&allowSymbols=true&timestamp=1624556811000`
);
//Call function "generate()" inside the page
await page.evaluate("generate()");
//Get node inner text from an HTML element
const passwordContent = await page.$$eval(
".alert .page-content",
(node) => node[0].innerText
);
//Transform the content and print it in console
const plainPassword = passwordContent.replace("Your password is: ", "");
if (plainPassword.length != realPasswordLength) {
console.log(i, plainPassword.length, plainPassword);
}

await sleep(1000);
}
await browser.close();
})();

从零开始学习AWS黑客技术，成为专家 htARTE（HackTricks AWS红队专家）！

• 你在网络安全公司工作吗？想要看到你的公司在HackTricks上做广告吗？或者想要获取PEASS的最新版本或下载HackTricks的PDF吗？查看订阅计划!
• 探索PEASS家族，我们独家的NFTs
• 获取官方PEASS & HackTricks周边
• 加入 💬 Discord群 或 电报群 或在Twitter上关注我 🐦@carlospolopm.
• 通过向 hacktricks仓库 和 hacktricks-cloud仓库 提交PR来分享你的黑客技巧。